Bulk 电容一般指整流后直流母线上的大容量电解电容(市电 AC→整流桥→Bulk 电容→后级变换器),也常叫输入滤波电容、母线电容。
一、核心作用
1. 平滑整流后的脉动直流
工频交流电经整流桥后,输出是馒头波脉动电压,并非平直直流。Bulk 电容利用充放电把脉动电压拉平,给后级开关电源提供稳定直流母线电压。
2. 提供瞬时大电流(峰值电流支撑)
开关管高频开关、变压器原边会抽取高频尖峰电流,整流桥、电网内阻大,无法瞬间供大电流;Bulk 电容作为本地能量池,瞬时给后级补电流,避免母线电压剧烈跌落。
3. 抑制电网与电源之间的干扰
吸收开关电源产生的高频纹波、尖峰干扰,反向串入电网;
一定程度滤除电网侧传来的浪涌、杂波,保护后级电路。
4. 工频间隙续流(关键)
单相全桥整流:每半个工频周期有短暂电压过零点,此时整流桥无输出,全靠 Bulk 电容放电维持母线电压,保证电源不掉压、不停机。
5. 电压保持(Hold-up Time)
断电瞬间,Bulk 电容储存的电能继续给电源供电,满足掉电保持时间要求(工控、服务器电源必备)。
Ganhonor Semiconductor Co., Ltd
Ganhonor Semiconductor Co., Ltd. was established in 2021. The project initiator is a leader in the field of gallium nitride (GaN、GaN HEMT、GaN FET). With the industry-leading gallium nitride power devices and their new applications as the flagship products, it takes the full advantages of the world's leading manufacturing technologies on the 6-8 inch GaN-on-Silicon power electronics platform, and the synergy of supply chain resources, core technology, manufacturing capability, key customers, capital market, local organization support and other key resources. This provides a new IDM platform to help achieve leapfrog development in the industry of the third generation semiconductors.